Secondary Catalogue

Acids and bases are all around us. This programme features the following: - Early theories of Arrenhius and Lowry-Bronsted. - Valence structures. - Exposed protons and proton transfer. - Diprotic and triprotic acids linked to structures. - Amphiprotic example given by hydrogen sulphate ion. - The pH scale and the use of indicators to measure pH. - Conjugate pairs and strengths of acids with strong acids giving weak conjugate bases. - Standard reactions: acid + metal, acid + oxide, acid + carbonate, acid + hydrogen carbonate.